The Legal Drinking Age Around the United States is 21 - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 7 Words: 2229 Downloads: 9 Date added: 2019/07/01 Category Society Essay Level High school Topics: Lowering The Drinking Age Essay Did you like this example? It has not always been that way and there is a chance it will not continue to be that way. The main argument for having the drinking age set at twenty-one is that our brains are not fully developed until we reach that age. The problem with this is that, just because we raise the drinking age does not mean it will stop underage drinking. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "The Legal Drinking Age Around the United States is 21" essay for you Create order In fact, it may actually be hurting the people under the age limit that continue to drink and party in private. We cannot stop underage drinking ever, but we can try to do the best we can to minimize the possible harm done to those who drink under the age of 21. There are many different views on drinking alcohol especially underage drinking. Everyone is different in his or her views on the drinking age. Some think it should be lowered and other believe that it should be raised. Then there are some that believe that is should remain the same at age of twenty-one years old. Keeping the alcohol consumption age at twenty-one limits the dangers to only those not over twenty-one. Lowering the drinking age may cause more problems than it fixes, but people will argue against that, and other countries have lower to no age requirements at all. Alcohol causes many problems in the society we live in today. Not only does it affect a persons mental health, but it also could harm a person physically. Alcohol could not be too friendly to the human body, it can affect how many different organs function. Lowering the legal drinking age from twenty-one to eighteen is not a new concept, in fact lowering the drinking age has been considered for years. In July of 2008, over a hundred of college professors and other education officials gathered to reevaluate the legal drinking age and start the Amethyst Initiative. The United States has a higher drinking age (twenty-one) than Canada (eighteen), Mexico (eighteen), and European countries (sixteen). The reasoning behind this initiative is that the United States drinking age causes more dangerous behavior than it would if it were lowered to eighteen. The minimum age of eighteen has been considered for many countries because of the privileges an eighteen-year-old may receive. In the United States, when you reach the age of eighteen you are no longer considered a dependent. It is no surprise that alcohol consumption is high in under age kids in the United States. According to the 2017 NSDUH, about 7.4 million Americans between the ages of 12 and 20 report current alcohol consumption. I think having the drinking age at 21 does not help in many situations. I personally have seen many underage kids consuming larger amounts of alcohol than one should, but that does not stop them. I think that having the drinking age at 21 is actually very unsafe for everyone. We know people are going to drink under the age of 21 but now we lower the possibility of them calling for help when something goes wrong because they may be afraid of punishment of underage drinking. According to NIAA Drinking continues to be widespread among adolescents, as shown by nationwide surveys as well as studies in smaller populations. According to data from the 2005 Monitoring the Future (MTF) study, an annual survey of U.S. youth, three-fourths of 12th graders, more than two-thirds of 10th graders, and about two in every five 8th graders have consumed alcohol. And when youth drink they tend to drink intensively, often consuming four to five drinks at one time. MTF data show that 11 percent of 8th graders, 22 percent of 10th graders, and 29 percent of 12th graders had engaged in heavy episodic (or binge) drinking within the past two weeks. So binge drinking for kids under the age of 21 is very common and can be very negative. Bad choices and unfortunate circumstances in underage drinking can cause the loss of life or the fear of calling for help. I believe that if we lower the drinking age to 18, we will provide a much safer environment for those who will be consuming alcohol regardless of what age we say is allowed. They will call for help if needed and maybe consume less in one night at a party if they know they can drink whenever they would like. Also lowering the drinking age will take out a large number of fake IDs that are going around which will in return kill the market for fake IDs. According to Justin Deffenbacher, The fake ID business has become a lucrative industry for not only foreign providers in countries like China, but also for college students looking to capture some of the student market while simultaneously profiting from the high demand. Competing with popular international companies such as 21overnight and idchief, producers aim to convince students that their fake ID is the superior product. A successful producer makes an average of $1500 a week, according to The Economist. According to Hall, prices can run as high as $300 depending on the quality of the ID. The market is usually divided between three tiers of value. The lowest tier averages around $100 while the highest rounds up to $300. This being said, the market for fake IDs is very high. Hundreds and thousands of dollars are spent on fake IDs for college students and high school students. Lowering the drinking age would almost eliminate any need for a fake ID market. Eighteen years old is the age of adulthood in the United States, I believe this allows us to make the decision if we want to consume alcohol or not. Turning 18 gives us the rights and responsibilities to vote, smoke cigarettes, serve on juries, get married, be prosecuted as adults, and allows us to make the choice to join the military which includes risking our own lives. With all these decisions available to us at the age of 18 then why should we not have the choice to consume alcohol as we please. If we have all these hard choices to make for the rest of our lives and the government sees fit that we are able to make these decisions at this age, then why would we not be able to make the decision to consume. Teenagers have to make very difficult decisions that will affect the rest of their lives and what they go on to do to contribute to our society. Regardless of the age of legal consumption we still suffer a high number of casualties related to drinking and driving. Raising the drinking age to 21 does not lower the number of instances of a DUI. The decline of drunk driving fatalities started to decline 2 years before the MLDA was changed to 21. With a MLDA of 21 the United States still has a higher percentage of drunk driving traffic accidents and fatalities than other countries with a MLDA of 18. According to ProCon, In the United States, 31% of road traffic deaths involve alcohol. This percentage is higher than many countries with a drinking age lower than 21 such as France (29%), Great Britain (16%), Germany (9%), China (4%), and Israel (3%). So therefore, having a drinking age of 21 is not helping us lower the amount of traffic deaths involving alcohol. Lowering the drinking age would help our economy as well. If we were to lower the drinking age to 21 the amount of alcohol purchased and taxed from those 18+ would help our economy. If we were allowed to legally purchase alcohol at the age of 18 there would be a lot more alcohol purchased and taxed by those under the age of 21. It would also diminish the thrill of breaking the law by consuming. Some people under 21 consume just because they are told they cannot. This number would likely go down because there would be no thrill of breaking the law to consume at a party or just because they think they can. Teens will consume regardless of the MLDA so the MLDA 21 is largely ineffective. The biggest concerns of underage drinking are driving under the influence and the brain not being fully developed until early to mid 20s. One of the biggest advocates for stronger enforcement on driving under the influence is MADD (Mothers Against Drunk Driving). The founder of MADD lost her daughter to a drunk driver in California. He was a repeat offender but was still somehow on the road and able to drive. MADD was a heavy influence in the decision to raise the drinking age to 21, this would minimize the number of teenagers drinking and driving possibly causing harm to others or themselves. According to MADD, 50,000 American teenagers had died in alcohol-related crashes from 1974 to 1984, roughly equivalent to the number of Americans killed in the Vietnam War. They were seeking to make a change in that margin. No one should ever have to lose a loved one or family member due to drunk driving. Alcohol is a depressant, in other words it controls how slow your body functions. It could alter with a persons movement, emotions, and vision. Alcohol impedes messages that your brain is trying to receive. You are more relaxed depending on how much you drink. The more you drink the more intoxicated you are and the sicker feeling you could get. Depending on the person, you could either be an angry, friendly or maybe a sad drunk, making you act not yourself. When you drink, you react to things slower, thats why people should not drive intoxicated. Consuming too much alcohol in a short period of time can have a result of alcohol poisoning; the first symptom is usually vomiting. Resulting more symptoms such as extreme fatigue, difficulty breathing, low blood sugar, unconsciousness, or even death. While some parents may feel relieved that their teen is only drinking, it is important to remember that alcohol is a powerful, mood-altering drug. Not only does alcohol affect the mind and body in unpredictable ways, but teens lack the judgment and coping skills to handle alcohol wisely. Some teenagers are brought up with the attitude that drinking is pure evil. But most of the time this just causes rebellious behavior and makes them want to try it even more, and once they try it they could possibly get addicted. According to associate professor Deborah Deas and assistant professor Suzanne Thomas from the Medical University of South Carolina, more senior high school students use alcohol than any other drug. Once a teenager gets completely smashed, they are likely to do it again. Why? Well they will tell you that its fun, unless of course they had a really bad experience while drunk. The teens that do have fun will most likely continue drinking. Some teens will experiment and stop, or continue to use occasionally, without significant problems. Others will develop a dependency, possibly moving on to more dangerous drugs and causing significant harm to themselves and possibly others According to DrugFreeWorld Drinking is more harmful to teens than adults because their brains are still developing throughout adolescence and well into young adulthood. Drinking during this critical growth period can lead to lifelong damage in brain function, particularly as it relates to memory, motor skills (ability to move) and coordination. Drinking before your brain is fully developed can have severe consequences to the body and to the mind. I believe that the effects of drinking at a young age when your brain is not fully developed is a very serious matter and should not be taken lightly. Although, I do also believe at the age of 18 you should be able to make those decisions on your own. When you are old enough to decide if you want to risk your life fighting for our country you should also be able to make the choice to drink and possibly harm your development. I think we should do the best we can in our schooling system to best prepare kids to be ready to make that decision. The best we can do is give them as much information and warning as we can and allow them to make the decision. I do not believe it should be the government or state decision on the age we can consume alcohol. I also believe the age of legal drinking and the traffic accidents and fatalities that occur are not connected to the MLDA. Regardless of the legal age to drink we are still going to have people who drive under the influence and get into accidents when under the influence. We have a higher margin of fatalities do to drinking and driving than any other country whos drinking age is less than 21. The lifelong damage that can occur is not something to take lightly but I think by the age of 18 we can make those decisions on our own. All in all the drinking age will remain 21 until the government or states decide it might be better to lower or even raise the minimum drinking age. Both sides have many harms and benefits of the drinking age. I say alcohol should have never been created in the first place but we cant do much on that now. All we can do now is educate our young as best that we can and hope they make a safe decision for them and their future. When its all said and done, they will drink and do whatever they want at any age they decide. Its our job to keep them safe and educated.

Real Pirate Quotations

Note: These are real quotations from actual pirates during the Golden Age of piracy, which lasted roughly from 1700 to 1725. If youre looking for modern quotations about pirates or quotations from movies, youve come to the wrong place, but if youre looking for authentic historical quotations from historys greatest sea-dogs, read on! Anonymous Pirate (Context) When asked on the gallows if he repented. Yes, I do heartily repent. I repent I had not done more mischief; and that we did not cut the throats of them that took us, and I am extremely sorry that you arent hanged as well as we. (Johnson 43) Bartholomew Black Bart Roberts In an honest service there is thin commons, low wages, and hard labor; in this, plenty and satiety, pleasure and ease, liberty and power; and who would not balance creditor on this side, when all the hazard that is run for it, at worst, is only a sour look or two at choking. No, a merry life and a short one, shall be my motto. (Johnson, 244) (Translation: In honest work, the food is bad, the wages are low and the work is hard. In piracy, there is plenty of loot, its fun and easy and we are free and powerful. Who, when presented with this choice, would not choose piracy? The worst that can happen is you can be hanged. No, a merry life and a short one shall be my motto.) Henry Avery (Context) Informing Captain Gibson of the Duke (who was a notorious drunkard) that he was taking over the ship and going pirate. Come, dont be in a fright, but put on your clothes, and Ill let you into a secret. You must know that I am Captain of this ship now, and this is my cabin, therefore you must walk out. I am bound to Madagascar, with a design of making my own fortune, and that of all the brave fellows joined with me...if you have a mind to make one of us, we will receive you, and if youll turn sober, and mind your business, perhaps in time I may make you one of my Lieutenants, if not, heres a boat alongside and you shall be set ashore. (Johnson 51-52) Edward Blackbeard Teach (Context) Before his final battle Damnation seize my soul if I give you quarters, or take any from you. (Johnson 80) (Translation: Ill be damned if I accept your surrender or surrender to you.) Blackbeard Lets jump on board, and cut them to pieces. (Johnson 81) Howell Davis (Context) Dissolving his alliance with pirates Thomas Cocklyn and Olivier La Buse Hark ye, you Cocklyn and la Bouche, I find by strengthening you, I have put a rod into your hands to whip myself, but I am still able to deal with you both; but since we met in love, let us part in love, for I find that three of a trade can never agree. (Johnson 175) Bartholomew Roberts (Context) Explaining to his victims that he was under no obligation to treat them kindly or fairly. There is none of you but will hang me, I know, whenever you can clinch me within your power. (Johnson 214) Black Sam Bellamy (Context) To a Captain Beer, apologizing after his pirates had voted to sink Beers ship after looting it. Damn my blood, I am sorry they wont let you have your sloop again, for I scorn to do anyone a mischief, when it is not for my advantage. (Johnson 587) Anne Bonny (Context) To Calico Jack Rackham in prison after he had decided to surrender to pirate hunters instead of fight. I am sorry to see you here, but if you had fought like a man, you neednt be hanged like a dog. (Johnson, 165) Thomas Sutton (Context) A captured member of Roberts crew, when told by a fellow pirate that he hoped to make it into Heaven. Heaven, you fool? Did you ever year of any pirates going thither? Give me hell, its a merrier place: Ill give Roberts a salute of 13 guns at entrance. (Johnson 246) William Kidd (Context) Upon being sentenced to hang. My Lord, it is a very hard sentence. For my part, I am the innocentest person of them all, only I have been sworn against by perjured persons. (Johnson 451) About These Quotations All of these quotations are directly taken from Captain Charles Johnsons A General History of the Pyrates (page numbers in parentheses refer to the edition below), written between 1720 and 1728 and considered one of the most important primary sources on piracy. Please note that I have made minor cosmetic changes to the quotations such as updating to modern spelling and removing capitalization of proper nouns. For the record, it is unlikely that Captain Johnson actually heard any of these quotations directly, but he did have good sources and it is fair to assume that the pirates in question said, at some point, something reasonably like the quotations listed. Source Defoe, Daniel (Captain Charles Johnson). A General History of the Pyrates. Edited by Manuel Schonhorn. Mineola: Dover Publications, 1972/1999.

Annotated Bibliography Early Childhood - 642 Words

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Children exposed to the trauma of domestic violence tend to have problems with behavior, social functioning, and academics when they reach school-age. Schools afford these children access to mental health practitioners, including counselors, psychologists, and social workers, who can address these concerns through counseling, structured activities and play therapy. Research is limited, but findings indicate, not surprisingly, that children do benefit from early interventions. The authors outlineShow MoreRelatedChild Sexual Abuse and Its Impact on The Developing Brain, An Annotated Bibliography846 Words   |  4 Pagesch2/pdf Annotated Bibliography: In this article, the author is making an argument that sexual abuse causes brain development problems in the long run. These children gain â€Å"a less ï ¬â€šexible state of equilibrium† (Gaskill 37). They then become poor socialized and have problems in regards to emotional and physical health. 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Juvenile Corrections Essay - 1373 Words

1. What are five goals of juvenile corrections? How effectively are these goals achieved? The goals of juvenile corrections are too deter, rehabilitate and reintegrate, prevent, punish and reattribute, as well as isolate and control youth offenders and offenses. Each different goal comes with its own challenges. The goal of deterrence has its limits; because rules and former sanctions, as well anti-criminal modeling and reinforcement are met with young rebellious minds. Traditional counseling and diversion which are integral aspects of community corrections can sometimes be ineffective, and studies have shown that sometimes a natural self intervention can take place as the youth grows older; resulting in the youth outgrowing delinquency.†¦show more content†¦What are halfway houses? What are their functions and goals? Halfway houses are non-confining residential facilities intended to provide an alternative to incarceration as a period of readjustment to community for offenders after confinement. Halfway houses are used by parolees while they seek out employment and adjust to the outside world. Halfway houses aim to give the parolee a transitional shelter so that they may adjust and reintegrate into the community. Freedoms are often restricted and parolee activity is also monitored. 3. What are wilderness experiences and what are their functions? Wilderness experiences are programs that focus on outdoor activities to help develop self-worth, pride, and trust in others. This program is an alternative to incarceration, and is less expensive. Wilderness programs like The Rawhide Boys Ranch have had a great deal of success. RBR is a faith-based residential center in Wisconsin and was established in the 1960s. RBR can accommodate around 60 at-risk youths who suffer from mental illnesses. 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Analysis of the Elderly Life History-Free-Samples for Students

Question: Write a research paper using sociological analysis of the elderly life history approach. Answer: Age can never be considered merely as a number. This is because it represents a huge wealth of life experiences which shapes a person that one becomes. In the present generation, with the advancement of the medical science, prolonging life has become possible. Old age is now seen with different perspectives in present genration as providing high quality medical care has been possible. In spite of these, sociologists are of the opinion that various aspects of healthy aging experiences depend on the social class, gender, race as well as other social factors (Novak, 2013). Many media portrayals of the elderly reflect negative cultural beliefs and attitudes towards aging. Society tends to glorify youth associating with beauty and sexuality. In comedies as well, old age is represented with hostility and grumpiness. Many stereotypes exist surrounding the realities about the elderly and aging people (George Ferraro, 2016). Often people are seen to encounter stereotypes associated with race and gender and therefore they tend to think more critically about them. Each culture has their own set of expectations and assumptions about aging and all these are part of the socialization (Mortimer Moen, 2016). This assignment will mainly describe the life history procedures about an old man which will reflect his different stages of aging. It will inevitably reflect the social theory of paradigm that aligns with his aging procedures and will help to give and insight how aging an individual can affect his mental and physical health. The person whose interview was taken was a cheerful old man whose name was Samuel Okon who was from Nigeria. He had lived a happy and contented life. He lived a small village with very few local inhabitants. He had a loving family where he used to respect his parents a lot and used to follow their advices. He had given up his wished of becoming a military man as his father was not in support of the decision. He had faced minor issues in his teenage years as his likes and dislikes and idea of freedom cashed with his parents but he took it never in a negative sense. He adored and respected his father a lot mainly because of the values and the principle followed in his life. He had stated that although they were not economically very rich but was happy and satisfied with the little amount of money that his father earned by farming. They used to have social gatherings in the local festivals of his village where people form town also came. This stated that there no was no conflict of powe r between the urban and rural people. Hi married life was also happier although he stated that both of them had compromised a lot and had respected each others liking and disliking making a stable relationship. He had never liked his friends having two to three wives but he was always a man of good principles where hi main focus was good living, happy family and trust on god. He had never repented or blamed his father for making him an engineer. Rather he had settled that he had loved his professor and worked property throughout his life. The symbolic integrationist perspectives also known as symbolic interactionism mainly direct the sociologists to consider different types of symbols and details of everyday lives. It also shows what these symbols signify and how people interact with each other. According to symbolist integrationist perspective, people attach their meanings to symbols and they perform according to the subjective interactions of these symbols (Dannefer, Kellet-moore Huang, 2016). Theories concerning symbolist interactionism perspective mainly is based on the fact that how society is created with the help of day to day interaction of the individuals. It also remains based on the fact of the different ways people perceive themselves and other based on different types of cultural symbols (Settersen Hagstead, 2015). Researchers are of the opinion that micro analytic perspective says that if people develop a sense of identity through different forms of social interactions, their sense of self is dependent on those interactions. This can be explained by an example. A woman whose interactions with the society makes her feel old and unattractive she may lose her sense of self but if that same woman is made to feel valued, she may have a stronger sense of self. Baltes and Baltes in the year 1990 have given forward the selective optimization with compensation theory. It is developed with a focus that personal development althrough life and subsequent mastery of the challenges associated with everyday are mainly dependent on important components. These are selection, optimization as well as compensation. This happen at all stages of lives but particularly in gerontology, researchers are mainly focusing the balancing that is required between the losses associated with aging and that of the gains that come from them (Moen Flood, 2013). According to the authors, aging can be explained as a process rather than an outcome. Therefore the goals or compensations are specific to the individual. I n the following paragraphs, it can be seen about how the client has interacted with different symbols form the very childhood, through teenage hood, through his married life and even in his old age which had ultimately helped him to shape up the present state of mind and his mental and physical health. A very interesting fact that had been identified form the interview is that throughout his life, he had been a happy man who always infused positivity in his own life and also others surrounding him. In his life, family values that had been instilled by him by his parents had been the most powerful strength he had possessed. Researchers are of the opinion that family values contribute to how a child learns or thrive in life. Family values are the reflection of who an individual is and how in turn that individual treats his own children and wife. Family values give children the strength to express themselves, solve problems, develop and learn to grow form mistakes. Such values also help them to develop their skills and abilities to lead fulfilling lives (Hagstead Dykstra, 2016). Similarly, in case of the client, it was seen that the values infused in him by his father had helped him to learn how to remain contented with his life. In no events of his life, he wase found dissatisfied w ith his condition. He had followed his fathers principles to accommodate their living with the amount earned but never to forget the roots and principles of humanity and self esteem. This had helped him to live happily. He was always an understanding person and tried to think rationally before developing negative feelings. From sheer respect for his father, he had dropped his plan of joining military and had taken polytechnic course to be an electrician. Moreover the living of life, being committed to one person and with happy family was another lesson he had leant from his parents. Therefore, he disliked his friends choices of having more wives in life. He had believed that for successful relationship, being arrogant and holding onto one own perspective is not right. His interview revealed that he had perfect mind framework and here he believed that dedication and compromise form both the partners help in developing and learning about each other. Researchers say that when both the partners want to learn about each other and accept each other the ways they are or alter them for betterment, it leads to happy marriage. Such positivity had helped him live a prosperous life (Kelly Lasazarus, 2015). Another positive aspect of his healthy living is that he was never a lazy man and always engaged himself in his work and earned money to support his family. His love for work can be reflected from the interview where he stated that being retired is making him sad as he is not allowed to work in his nation after retirement. He believes that the society and culture in Canada is open to old citizens working but in Nigeria he can hardly get work. Here one can find a societal difference. Another societal difference was noted in his expression where he stated that unlike todays children. Life was never easy for him and he had struggled a lot from his childhood where he had to walk miles to reach school. His family was not rich and therefore he was unable to have many luxuries which children of this generation are able to experience. Therefore, he believes that he had learn to take hardship in his life with positive mind frame and had never broken down The societies consisted of very low nu mber of people where each other was knitted with strong sense of unity and lived in Nigerian village. They have learnt to love and care for each other which he believed enriched him with human emotional necessary for leading happy lives. From the entire discussion above, it is clearly noted that society plays a very important role in an individual from the time of his childhood to that of old age. According to the theory of symbolic interactionism, each and every individual interacts with different cues and symbols of the societies to develop a sense of self. This helps him to develop as a human being and live with proper principles in his life. The client in the case study has been associated closely with his parents, collected values from families, went through hardships, learn how to handle critical situations, maintained a proper happy life with his wife through understanding and compromises and many others. All these had shaped up his values which had kept him contented throughout his life. This had helped him to age well and live happy and prosperous lives. References: George, L., Ferraro, K. (2016). Aging and the Social Sciences: Progress and Prospects.Handbook of Aging and the Social Sciences, Eight edition. Hagestad, G. O., Dykstra, P. A. (2016). Structuration of the life course: Some neglected aspects. InHandbook of the life course(pp. 131-157). Springer International Publishing. Kelly, G. A., Lazarus, J. (2015). Perceptions of successful aging: Intergenerational voices value well-being.The International Journal of Aging and Human Development,80(3), 233-247 Moen, P., Flood, S. (2013). Limited engagements? Women's and men's work/volunteer time in the encore life course stage.Social problems,60(2), 206-233. Mortimer, J. T., Moen, P. (2016). The Changing Social Construction of Age and the Life Course: Precarious Identity and Enactment of Early and Encore Stages of Adulthood. InHandbook of the Life Course(pp. 111-129). Novak, M. (2013).Aging and society: A Canadian perspective. Nelson Canada. Settersten Jr, R. A., Hagestad, G. O. (2015). Subjective aging and new complexities of the life course.Annual review of gerontology and geriatrics,35(1), 29-53.

Poem Analysis free essay sample

Under Fire Everyone’s been through tough times. Whether someone close passes away , or a parent loses a job, or a separation of a family, misfortunes happen to all. After the assassination of Abraham Lincoln, Walt Whitman, a poet and Abraham Lincoln fan, wrote â€Å"O Captain, My Captain,† an elegy, to express his grief of his beloved president’s passing. â€Å"Maryland, My Maryland,† however, expresses the author’s distaste in Union troops marching through Maryland, his home. Both authors use imagery and allusion in their poems to express their differing tones. Randall and Whitman use imagery to transfer emotions that they feel to the reader. Randall uses descriptive words such as â€Å"beaming sword† (19), â€Å"beauteous limbs with steel† (15), and â€Å"shields bright and strong† (33) to convey a defiant tone in his poem. Each term describes weaponry to be used against Union forces, so the reader can conclude that Randall supports using violence to defend his â€Å"Maryland. We will write a custom essay sample on Poem Analysis or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page † Whitman describes his Captain as a â€Å"dear father† (13), indicating that the â€Å"Captain† of his poem was dear to him. Walt Whitman uses imagery to portray his captain’s death, using words such as: â€Å"cold and dead’ (8), â€Å"pale and still† (17), and â€Å"heart/†¦ bleeding drops of red† (6). Whitman selects these certain words to accentuate his realization of Lincoln’s death. He later describes himself as â€Å"mournful,† (22), indicating that he felt sorrowful in response to the passing of Abe Lincoln. While both authors use imagery, Randall paints a defiant picture in the reader’s mind, while Whitman expresses grief and sorrow. Allusion is used by both authors to describe the Civil War and Abraham Lincoln. Randall compares Lincoln to a â€Å"tyrant† (41) and also a â€Å"despot† (1), indicating that he dislikes Lincoln’s command to the Union army, stating to invade Baltimore. Randall expresses his distaste for Lincoln by describing him as a devil and a dictator. He is being defiant towards his former president, wishing that Lincoln would be defeated. His whole poem is about the Civil War, but he never writes those exact words. Instead, he describes it as a battle, using terms such as â€Å"meet her sisters on the plain† (44), and â€Å"panoplied array† (27). Glorifying battle, Randall  encourages Southern troops to attack with â€Å"Ringgold’s spirit for the fray† (29), and â€Å"Howard’s warlike thrust† (22). Whitman compares Abraham Lincoln to his â€Å"Captain† (1), showing that he is a follower of Lincoln. Walt Whitman uses the term â€Å"prize† (2) to depict the freeing of slaves in America. Whitman was from the North, so he was aiming for this certain â€Å"prize.† The Civil War is called the â€Å"ship† (19), since the Civil War was a voyage for the Americans. He also describes America as â€Å"a-crowding,† (11) since many Americans were joyful with the outcome of the war. Yet the â€Å"Captain† was â€Å"pale and still† (17) and unable to see the celebration. Whitman’s grief shows through these words, since he was pleased with the freeing of the slaves, but depressed that his captain was unable to be with him at a time of celebration. Both authors use allusion in their poems to describe the Civil War and Abraham Lincoln to further convey their tones. â€Å"O Captain! My Captain!† had a tone of depression, while â€Å"Maryland, My Maryland† was a defiant poem. Both authors used allusion to communicate their tones to the reader. Whitman and Randall used poetry to express their troubles.